In this episode, Mo and Marc are joined by special guest Dr. Brad Petrisor (Associate Chair of Education at McMaster University) in a discussion about the certification processes in the US, Canada, and beyond, with a focus on the importance of competency-based education and training. Subspecialties: • Orthopaedic Essentials • Education and Training Keywords: Orthopaedics, orthopedics, JBJS, OE, EBO, evidence-based orthopaedics, ABOS, oral boards, written boards, practical component, fellowship, psychometrics, biometrics, case list, quality of care, ethics, professionalism, skill, complications, blinding, communication, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), clinical algorithm, time-based training, consistency, pass rate, competency-based education, Hong Kong, policing our own, legal implications, licensing, self-regulation, community support, professional responsibility, social contract